Resumen
Women with one or more false-positive results have a two- to four-fold higher risk of subsequently developing breast cancer than women with negative screening results do. This study investigated whether subsequent breast cancer risks are different for different choices of assessments performed after a positive breast cancer screening. This register-based national study showed that women who had an assessment including ?only ultrasound? or ?only additional mammography? had higher relative risks (RR) of next-round screen-detected cancer of 1.52 (95% CI: 0.93?2.47) and 1.67 (95% CI: 0.54?5.16) compared to those of women who underwent assessments with ultrasound and additional mammography. Invasive assessments (i.e., assessments that included biopsy) that lacked an ultrasound or additional mammography were not associated with an increased risk of subsequently developing cancer, leaving the assessments ?all three elements?, ?only additional mammography?, or ?only ultrasound? with the highest subsequent risks of breast cancer. It might therefore be important to remind women who are assessed with the above-mentioned assessments to attend subsequent screenings.