Resumen
Due to the high heterogeneity and variability of bladder cancer, the identification of new biomarkers involved in the development and mechanisms of tumor progression and resistance to treatment offers the possibility of adapting our treatment options based on the molecular characteristics of each specific tumor subtype. In recent years, liquid biopsy has emerged as an innovative technique to analyze unique tumor components released into the peripheral circulation in body fluids such as blood and urine. This review presents the most recent advances in researching the applicability of liquid biopsy in bladder cancer, as well as an update on the most commonly used biomarkers and new techniques for their evaluation. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods are outlined based on the recent literature on the subject.