Resumen
Although upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a relatively rare malignancy in Western countries, recurrence and distant metastasis are common even after definitive surgery. Many prognostic factors have been identified from previous studies, allowing clinicians to better stratify risk to select patients for perioperative systemic therapy; however, the applicability of adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with stage II UTUC after radical surgery remains unclear. In this study, we found that patients with primary tumor location at ureter or renal pelvis plus synchronous ureter had more frequent disease relapse and worse long-term oncological outcomes than other patients. Male sex, older age, history of previous bladder cancer, and positive surgical margins remain important unfavorable prognostic factors for recurrence and survival. Additional treatment and closer surveillance in patients with these negative prognostic factors are warranted despite complete pathological removal of the tumor.