Resumen
Haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation haplo-HSCT is now increasingly recognized as a valid treatment for patients with hematologic malignancies. The two most noteworthy strategies are posttransplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) with or without anti-thymoglobulin and granulocyte colony stimulating factor-primed bone marrow plus peripheral blood stem cells (GIAC). Direct comparisons of these approaches are rare, which makes physicians hard to choose the optimal treatment strategy for patients. We used a nationwide blood and marrow transplantation registry to compare these approaches. We found that patients in the modified GIAC (mGIAC) group had the most favorable platelet and neutrophil engraftment kinetics but had a higher extensive chronic graft-versus-host disease rate. The patients receiving mGIAC had the lowest nonrelapse mortality and highest overall survival rates. Physicians can choose the optimal treatment for patients based on the distinct clinical features and outcomes of these strategies. This study may pave the way for further prospective trials.