Resumen
The kinetic energy produced by a turbofan engine is inseparable from the unavoidable generation of waste heat dissipated into the environment and the chemical exergy of exhaust gases. However, exergoeconomic cost analyses of these propulsion systems have focused only on the formation process of the functional product and not the cost of residue formation. In this study, symbolic thermoeconomics was applied to evaluate the impact of residue formation on the production costs of a turbofan engine and analyze the effect of component malfunctions on the fuel impact formula for diagnosing anomalies. The GE90-115B high bypass turbofan engine under takeoff conditions and a thrust requirement of 510 kN was considered as a case study. The total exergoeconomic cost of the engine was 26,754.28 USD/h: 61.04% corresponded to external resources; 0.14% and 33.07% corresponded to waste heat dissipated from the bypass and core engine, respectively; 3.28% corresponded to the chemical exergy of the exhaust gases; 2.47% corresponded to capital and operating costs. A malfunction analysis revealed that a 1% reduction in the isentropic efficiency of the compressor reduced the total kinetic exergy by -0.77 MW, increased fuel consumption by 0.49 MW, and generated irreversibility and residue of 0.80 and 0.45 MW, respectively.