ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Determination of the environmental sustainability of tourism in the Pastaza Province, Ecuador

Clímaco Geovani Espín Ortiz    
Julian Leoncio Rodriguez Rodriguez    

Resumen

El turismo causa impactos en las comunidades de recepción y en los ecosistemas. Para reducir al máximo estos impactos, la Organización Mundial del Turismo y las Naciones Unidas, han reclamado a los gobiernos considerar la sostenibilidad como un objetivo global. Elaborar políticas para una estrategia práctica común que permita medir la sostenibilidad del turismo, es el reto actual. Sin embargo, no será fácil lograr su ejecución de manera específica, si se tienen presente los intereses de las partes interesadas que intervienen en el sector del turismo. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el estado actual de la sostenibilidad ambiental del turismo en la provincia de Pastaza (Ecuador). Se utiliza una metodología mixta, que parte del análisis documental para determinar las variables afectadas por la actividad turística y su cuantificación a través de indicadores. A partir de 19 indicadores específicos seleccionados para la dimensión ambiental, se propone un índice sintético de desarrollo sostenible ambiental del turismo, como criterio de la sostenibilidad ambiental del turismo. El cual contribuirá a implementar decisiones para mejorar la eficiencia y la sostenibilidad de la gestión del turismo.Palabras clave: biodiversidad, turismo, índice de sostenibilidad, Pastaza, EcuadorAbstractTourism causes impacts in the receiving communities and in the ecosystems. To minimize these impacts, the World Tourism Organization and the United Nations have called on governments to consider sustainability as a global objective. Developing policies for a common practical strategy that allows measuring the sustainability of tourism is the current challenge. However, it will not be easy to achieve its implementation in a specific way, if the interests of the stakeholders involved in the tourism sector are taken into account. The objective of this research is to analyze the current state of sustainability of tourism in the province of Pastaza (Ecuador). A mixed methodology is used, which starts from the documentary analysis to determine the variables affected by tourist activity and their quantification through indicators. Based on 19 specific indicators selected for the environmental dimension, a synthetic index of sustainable environmental development of tourism is proposed, as a criterion of the environmental sustainability of tourism. Which contributes to implement decisions to improve the efficiency and sustainability of tourism management.Keywords: biodiversity, tourism, sustainability index, Pastaza, Ecuador

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