ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Methane emissions derived from tourism-related solid waste disposal in Cuba. A case study

Carlos Manuel López Cabrera    

Resumen

ABSTRACT: This paper provides the results of a case study performed to estimate methane (CH4) emissions arising from landfilling of solid wastes produced by domestic tourism (DTSW), and inbound tourism (ITSW) in accommodation facilities (AF) and non-hotel services facilities (NHSF) in Cuba over the period 1985 to 2011. It also examines potential underestimation, or overestimation of these emissions in the national greenhouse gas emissions inventory (NGHGI) depending on the method used to calculate the generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) and the inclusion or not of ITSW in this. Methane emissions were estimated using the IPCC 2006 Waste Model. In 2011 emissions amounted to, 1.87 Gg CH4 yr-1 (21.4% from domestic tourism and 78.6% from inbound tourism). Seventy-two per cent of these emissions were attributable to AF and 28% to NHSF. Both domestic and inbound tourism per-capita CH4 emissions in 2011 from solid waste disposal resulted higher than per-capita emissions derived from MSW disposal from urban local residents in that year.   Keywords: Tourism, accommodation facilities, solid waste, methane emissions, greenhouse gas inventories   RESUMEN: Este artículo, proporciona los resultados de un estudio de caso realizado para estimar las emisiones de metano (CH4) provenientes de la disposición de desechos sólidos producidos por el turismo doméstico (DTSW) e internacional (ITSW) en instalaciones de alojamiento (AF) y de servicios extra-hoteleros (NHSF) en Cuba en el período 1985 a 2011. También examina la  subestimación o sobrestimación potencial de esas emisiones en el inventario nacional de gases de invernadero (NGHGI) en dependencia del método utilizado  para calcular la generación de desechos sólidos municipales (MSW) y la inclusión, o no, de ITSW en ese cálculo. Las emisiones de CH4 fueron estimadas utilizando el Modelo de Desechos del IPCC 2006. En  2011 las emisiones resultaron 1.87 Gg CH4 año-1 (21.4% derivadas del turismo doméstico y 78.6% del turismo internacional). Setenta y dos por ciento de esas emisiones fueron atribuibles a AF y 28% a NHSF. Las emisiones per-cápita de CH4, tanto del turismo doméstico como internacional, resultaron más altas que las emisiones per-cápita derivadas de la disposición de MSW de los residentes locales urbanos en ese año. Palabras Claves: Turismo, instalaciones de alojamiento, desechos sólidos, emisiones de metano, inventarios de gases de invernadero

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