ARTÍCULO
TITULO

The forage yield of Gliricidia sepium during the rainy and dry seasons following pruning management in Brazil

Ricardo Edvan    
Maria Carneiro    
João Magalhães    
Daiane Albuquerque    
Mickson Silva    
Leilson Bezerra    
Ronaldo Oliveira    
Edson Santos    

Resumen

Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud. shows relatively little growth variation due to climatic differences throughout the year and between years. The purpose of this study was to evaluate various cutting strategies for the management of Gliricidia for forage production in dry and rainy periods of the year. A randomized-block factorial experimental design (12 × 2) was used for the study. The factorial setup consisted of 12 pruning management treatments (cuttings at 45, 60, 75 and 90 days with 30, 60 and 90 cm residual heights) and two periods (dry and rainy season) with four replicates. There were significant interactions between the management regime and the season for plant height, stem diameter, stem diameter and the weight of both fresh and dry forage. The treatment with a cutting frequency of 90 days and a residual height of 90 cm resulted in the highest final average height and the largest stem diameter in the dry period, with reductions of 7.65 and 1.5%, respectively, during the period of water scarcity. The 90 days × 90 cm treatment resulted in the highest production of fresh and dry forage biomass. Application of different cutting strategies to the Gliricidia plants influenced the diameters of the stems and buds, plant height and accumulation of forage biomass during the rainy and dry seasons. The highest cutting frequency (90 days) and lower intensity cutting (90 cm) provided greater stem diameter, number of shoots and plant height, and the higher forage yield of Gliricidia.La Gliricidia sepium tiene menos variación de crecimiento debido a las diferencias climáticas durante y entre años. El estudio evaluó el efecto de estrategias de corte de Gliricidia sepium en su producción en los períodos secos y lluviosos. Se evaluaron doce tratamientos de manejo de poda (cortes a los 45, 60, 75 y 90 días, con 30, 60 y 90 cm alturas residuales) y dos períodos (temporada seca y lluviosa) con cuatro repeticiones. El diseño estadístico fue de bloques al azar en una configuración factorial (12 × 2). Hubo interacciones significativas entre el régimen de manejo y la estación del año (lluviosa o seca) en la altura de la planta, diámetro del tallo, diámetro de los brotes y masa de forraje del tallo, tanto seca como verde. El tratamiento con una frecuencia de corte de 90 días y una altura residual de 90 cm dio lugar a la mayor altura promedio final y al mayor  diámetro del tallo en el período seco, con reducciones de 7,65 y 1,5% en el período de la escasez de agua, respectivamente. El tratamiento de 90 días × 90 cm dio lugar a la mayor producción de forraje en masa verde y seca. Las diferentes estrategias de corte de Gliricidia influyen en el diámetro del tallo y brotes, altura de la planta y la acumulación de la masa de forraje durante la estación lluviosa y seca. La mayor frecuencia de corte (90 días) y el punto de corte menor intensidad (90 cm) proporcionan mayor diámetro del tallo, número de brotes y la altura, y el más alto rendimiento de forraje de Gliricidia.

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