ARTÍCULO
TITULO

The effect of foliar applications of a bio-stimulant derived from algae extract on the physiological behavior of lulo seedlings (Solanum quitoense cv. Septentrionale)

Jhon J. Díaz-Leguizamón    
Oscar F. Chingaté-Cruz    
Alefsi D. Sánchez-Reinoso    
Hermann Restrepo-Díaz    

Resumen

Seaweed extracts are used as nutritional supplements, biostimulants, or biofertilizers in agriculture and horticulture to increase plant growth and yield. In this experiment, foliar applications of bio-stimulant derivate from seaweed extract were tested on plant growth, leaf gas exchange properties, and proline accumulation in lulo seedlings cultivated under greenhouse conditions. Lulo plants were split into four treatments: (i) plants with soil fertilizer; (ii) plants treated only with foliar bio-stimulant sprays; (iii) a combination of soil fertilizer plus a foliar bio-stimulant application; and (iv) a control treatment (without nutrient application). Lulo plants treated with soil fertilizer and foliar bio-stimulants increased growth, as this group of plants showed a higher total plant dry weight, stem diameters, and absolute growth rate. Lulo plants without soil fertilizater and treated with foliar bio-stimulant application had lower leaf gas exchange (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and plant transpiration) and leaf chlorophyll content. Foliar biostimulant sprays enhanced the partitioning of dry mass in floral cushions. In conclusion, the application of foliar bio-stimulant applications as a complement to soil fertilizer is a technique that can be employed in the cultivation of lulo because foliar sprays of these kinds of agrochemicals can enhance dry matter accumulation and blooming. Extractos de algas marinas son usados como Fuente de nutrientes, biosetimulantes o biofertilizantes in la agricultura y horticultura con el propósito de incrementa el crecimiento y rendimiento de la planta. En este experimento, se evaluaron las aplicaciones foliar de un bioestimulante a base de un extracto de algas marinas sobre el crecimiento de la planta, propiedades de intercambio gaseoso de la hoja y producción de prolina en plántulas de lulo cultivadas bajo condiciones de invernadero. Las plantas de lulo fueron divididas en cuatro tratamientos: i) plantas con fertilización edáfica; ii) plantas tratas solamente vía foliar con el biostimulante iii) una combinación de fertilización edáfica y aplicación foliar de bioestimulante y iv) plantas control (sin ninguna aplicación de fertilizante y bioestimulante). Las plantas de lulo tratadas con fertilizante edáfico más aplicaciones foliares del bioestimulante mostraron una mayor altura de planta, peso seco total, diámetro del tallo y tasa absoluta de crecimiento. Plantas control presentaron una menor tasa fotosintética, conductancia estomática y transpiración. Asimismo, aplicaciones foliares del bioestimulante favoreció la aparición de botones florales. Los resultados obtenidos permiten concluir que el uso de un bioestimulante a base de extractos de algas marinas puede ser considerado como un complemento a la fertilización edáfica, ya que puede favorecer la acumulación de materia seca y floración.

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