ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Paratill effect on a Vertic Argiudol under continued no-tillage systems.

B.A. Bonel    
J. Denoia    
M. Costanzo    
G. Giubileo    
G. Zerpa    

Resumen

Continuous no tillage system has often resulted in soil compactationaffecting soil porosity, water movement into the soil profile and plant development. Tillage systemsthat do not affect surface cover and prevent soil compactation can improve soil properties and increasecrop conditions of growth. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of a deep tillage systemon porosity, aggregation, penetration resistance and soil water infiltration . The study site has been underno tillage for 12 years. The treatments were: SD (direct drilling, no tillage) and SDE (direct drilling,paratill tillage). Results for soil between 0-20 cm, indicate that total porosity, macro and mesoporositywere greater in SDE, while the penetration resistance was lower. For the size aggregate distribution, themean weigh diameter and the aggregate stability were not different between SD and SDE. Results forsoil between 20-35 cm of thickness show soil deterioration due to tillage. Total porosity was lower, whilebulk density, penetration resistance and aggregate stability were greater in SDE, because of cohesionincrement. Deep tillage improves superficial soil conditions near 20 cm in depth, affecting positively theinfiltration rate only near shanks observations. La siembra directa continua puede conducir a lacompactación del suelo, afectando la porosidad,movimiento del agua en el perfil y desarrollo de lasplantas. Las labranzas que sin afectar la coberturasuperficial eliminen la compactación pueden contribuiral mejoramiento de las propiedades edáficasde transferencia y al crecimiento de los cultivos. Elobjetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de unalabranza profunda sobre la porosidad, la agregación,la resistencia a la penetración y la infiltración deagua en el suelo. El sitio de estudio provenía de 12años de siembra directa, siendo los tratamientossiembra directa sin labor de escarificado (SD) ysiembra directa con labor de escarificado (SDE).En el espesor 0-20 cm SDE tuvo mayor porosidadtotal, macro y mesoporosidad, y menor resistenciaa la penetración que el tratamiento SD. La distribuciónde tamaños de agregados, el diámetro medioponderado y la estabilidad de agregados no fuerondiferentes entre tratamientos en esta profundidad.En el espesor 20-35 cm, la porosidad total fue menoren SDE, siendo, en este mismo tratamiento, mayorla resistencia a la penetración, la densidad aparentey la estabilidad de agregados a causa de un aumentoen la cohesión. La labranza profunda mejoró lascondiciones superficiales de suelo, afectando la tasade infiltración sólo en posiciones cercanas al pasajede la púa del escarificador.

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