ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Plant nutrition, foliar standards, chlorophyll activity and soil nutrient status of two cultivars of Leucospermum cordifolium (Proteaceae).

Carlos E. Álvarez    
Marino Fernández-Falcón    
M. Mercedes Hernández    

Resumen

Two cultivars (?Succession II? and ?Tango?) of Leucospermum cordifolium were studied over three years in commercial plantations with optimum yields located on subtropical La Palma Island (Canarian Archipelago). Four foliar samplings were taken per year to determine the evolution of the N, P, and K contents over time and to determine the optimal month for foliar standard sampling. Foliar chlorophyll activity and the foliar standard concentrations of macro- and micronutrients were determined. Soil samples were also taken. Both cultivars developed well in soils with acid and slightly acid pH, low and high organic matter content, and in some cases, high available P concentrations, though Proteaceae is generally considered P sensitive. Chlorophyll activity correlated neither with foliar nutrient levels nor with leaf greenness. The foliar N content reached a maximum of 17.0 g kg-1 in the cultivar ?Succession II? and 17.2 g kg-1 in ?Tango?, whereas the maximum P and K levels were lower in ?Tango? than in ?Succession II?. The greatest stability of the concentrations of these nutrients occurred in September; therefore, this month was chosen for performing foliar standard sampling. The standard ranges of N, K, Ca and Mg were higher in ?Succession II?, while Fe, Mn, and Zn were higher in ?Tango?. The P and Cu standard ranges were similar in both cultivars. Se estudiaron dos cultivares de protea (?Succession II? y ?Tango?) de Leucospermum cordifolium, durante tres años, en plantaciones comerciales con rendimientos óptimos situadas in la isla de La Palma (Archipiélago Canario) con clima subtropical. Se realizaron cuatro muestreos anuales durante su ciclo vegetativo para conocer la evolución de sus contenidos de N, P y K con el tiempo, y el mejor mes para realizar el muestreo foliar estándar. Se determinaron las concentraciones foliares estándar de macro y micronutrients así como la actividad clorofílica. También se tomaron muestras de suelo. Ambos cultivares se desarrollaron bien en suelos ácidos y neutros, con contenidos altos y bajos de material orgánica, y algunos con elevada concentración de P asimilable, al que las proteas son sensibles. La actividad clorofílica no se correlacionó con los niveles de nutrientes foliares ni con el verdor de las hojas. El máximo contenido foliar de N alcanzó 17,0 g kg-1 en el cultivar ?Succession II? y 17,2 g kg-1 in ?Tango?, mientras que los máximos de P y K fueron menores en ?Tango?. El muestreo de Septiembre mostró la mayor estabilidad de estos nutrientes, por lo que este mes se escogió para realizar el muestreo foliar estándar. Los intervalos estándares de N, K, Ca y Mg fueron superiores en ?Succession II?, mientras que lo contrario sucedió con el Fe, Mn y Zn. Por otra parte, los de P y Cu fueron similares en ambos cultivares.

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