ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Differentiation of sheep milk and cheese based on their quality and composition.

Raúl R. Vera    
Claudio Aguilar    
Rodrigo Lira    

Resumen

Traditional sheep production for meat and wool for meat and wool among small and medium-sized Chilean farmers has low profi tability. Therefore, there is interest in producing value-added, differentiated products. One alternative is the production of sheep milk and cheese. This article analyzes and discusses existing alternatives for modifying milk and cheese compositions with the aim of differentiating these products. Also, analytical techniques that allow the chemical characterization of milk and cheese are briefl y mentioned. The main international thrusts are focused on the modifi cation of the content and composition of milk fatty acids and on the identifi cation of volatile compounds, terpenes, polyphenols and other analytes that allow differentiation of cheese types on the basis of aroma, taste and fl avor and that would help in ensuring traceability. La rentabilidad de la producción ovina tradicional entre productores pequeños y medianos es muy baja, razón por la cual es deseable buscar alternativas con mayor valor agregado y diferenciación. Una alternativa de interés es la producción de leche ovina para la elaboración de quesos. El artículo analiza y discute las alternativas para modifi car la composición de la leche y quesos de forma de diferenciarlos. Se discute como es posible cuantifi car objetivamente dichos cambios y se mencionan brevemente algunas de las técnicas analíticas disponibles con ese fi n. En general, los esfuerzos que se están realizando a nivel mundial se focalizan en la modifi cación del contenido y perfi l de los ácidos grasos, así como la identifi cación y cuantifi cación de compuestos volátiles, terpenos, polifenoles y otros que permitirían diferenciar quesos y leche por sabor y olor, y que permiten asegurar la trazabilidad.

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