Resumen
Conducting flight operations at the pace of air traffic relies on shift work, overtime work, work at night, work in different and numerous time zones, and unbalanced flight crew schedules. Such working hours and workload settings can cause disturbances of the circadian rhythm and sleep disorders among flight crew members; this can result in fatigue and can have an impact on the safety of flight operations. Fatigue impacts many cognitive abilities such as vigilance, memory, spatial orientation, learning, problem solving, and decision making. In aviation, fatigue has been identified as a hazard to the safety of flight operations. This paper describes objectivation methods for data collecting processes regarding flight crew fatigue, using an electronic system of standardized chronometric cognitive tests and subjective self-assessment surveys on the subjective perception of fatigue. The data collected were analyzed using statistical methods to identify and quantify elements that affect the appearance of fatigue. Finally, causal modeling methods were used to determine correlations among the measured flight crew fatigue indicators, the subjective perception of fatigue, and the defined workload settings. The results of this research reveal which elements strongly impact flight crew fatigue. The detected correlations can help define improved measures for the mitigation of fatigue risk in future flight operations.