ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Growth analysis of potted gerbera conducted with mineral fertilization and organic fertigation

Francielly T. dos Santos    
Fernanda Ludwig    
Luiz A. de M. Costa    
Mônica S. S. de M. Costa    
Marcelo B. Remor    
Plínio E. R. Silva    

Resumen

Potted gerbera is an ornamental plant that is widely commercialized in Brazilian markets. However, information on cultivation techniques is needed to meet growing demand, especially with regard to fertilization. This study was carried out to assess the growth of potted gerbera, Florist Red Black cultivar, with mineral and organic fertilization. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse located at UNIOESTE ? Cascavel Campus - PR. The experimental design was composed of randomized blocks with four replicates and five treatments. Treatments were defined according to the fertilization source, which were mineral (NPK) and organic. Organic fertilizers were obtained by diluting in water four organic composts from agroindustrial-waste composting processes. After obtaining composts, water dilution was performed, adjusting the nutritive solution electrical conductivity values. Gerbera plants were assessed fortnightly (0, 14, 28, 42, and 56 days after acclimatization) for leaf area and shoot dry matter, which were adjusted for time using the ANACRES program to obtain the leaf area ratio (LAR), relative growth rate (RGR), and net assimilation rate (NAR). Fifty-six days after acclimatization, plants were assessed for number of leaves, plant diameter, leaf area, leaves and inflorescences dry phytomass, stem height, head diameter, and stem diameter. The highest relative growth rates were obtained in plants grown with organic compost in treatment 3. However, the net assimilation rate, which indicates dry matter conversion efficiency, was highest in plants with chemical fertilization (treatment 1). La gerbera es una planta ornamental que es ampliamente comercializada en el mercado brasileño. Sin embargo, para satisfacer la creciente demanda, es necesario contar información sobre las técnicas de cultivo, destacando la fertilización. Este trabajo se realizó con el fin de evaluar el crecimiento de gerbera en maceta, cultivar Floristería Rojo Negro, fertilizado con un producto mineral y fertilización orgánica. El experimento se realizó en un invernadero ubicado en UNIOESTE ? Cascavel Campus - PR. El diseño experimental fue de bloques al azar, con cuatro tratamientos y cinco repeticiones. Los tratamientos se definieron de acuerdo a la fuente de la fertilización mineral (NPP) y orgánico. La fertilización orgánica se obtuvo diluyendo cuatro compuestos orgánicos de proceso de compostaje de residuos agroindustriales en agua. Después de la obtención de estos compuestos, se ajustaron los valores de conductividad eléctrica de la solución nutritiva. En las plantas de gerbera se evaluó cada dos semanas (0, 14, 28, 42 y 56 días después de la aclimatación), el área foliar y la materia seca, que se ajusta en relación con el tiempo con el programa ANACRES, con el fin de obtener la relación de área foliar (LAR), tasa de crecimiento relativo (RGR) y la tasa de asimilación neta (NAR). 56 días después de la aclimatación, se evaluó en el número de hojas, diámetro de la planta, área foliar, hojas e inflorescencias de fitomasa seca, altura de tallo, diámetro de la cabeza y el diámetro del tallo. Las mayores tasas de crecimiento relativo se obtuvieron en plantas realizados con abono orgánico en el tratamiento 3. Sin embargo, la tasa de asimilación neta, que indica la eficiencia de conversión de materia seca, fue mayor en las plantas con la fertilización química, en el tratamiento 1.

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