Small Heat Source Used for Combustion of Wheat-Straw Pellets
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- The time required to collect the straw is very limited, therefore sufficient harvesting capacity is needed;
- Straw bales with specific properties, for example density and shape, are required;
- Straw storage methods are important to reduce total costs;
- Using straw briquettes or pellets is not economic;
- A decentralized use of straw might be interesting.
2. Design and Method
2.1. Design of Burner
2.2. Design of the Combustion Chamber
2.3. Design of the Heat Exchanger
2.3.1. Numerical Design of Heat Exchanger
2.3.2. Design of Heat Exchanger by Using CFD
2.3.3. Design of Heat Exchanger by Using CFD Combustion Model
2.3.4. Final Evaluation of Designed Heat Exchanger
3. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
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Chemical Composition of Fuel | |
---|---|
Cdaf | 46.05% |
Hdaf | 5.93% |
Odaf | 42.95% |
Ndaf | 0.58% |
Ar | 4.31% |
Wr | 7.7% |
Parameter | Value | Unit |
---|---|---|
Inlet temperature of flue gas (t11) | 1040 | °C |
Outlet temperature flue gas (t12) | 150 | °C |
Inlet temperature of water (t21) | 50 | °C |
Outlet temperature of water (t22) | 80 | °C |
Demanded heat power (Q) | 20 | kW |
Calculated Parameter | Value | |
Specific heat capacity of flue gas (c1) | 1118.68 | J·kg−1K−1 |
Specific heat capacity of water (c2) | 4180.56 | °C |
Flow of flue gas (m1) | 2.0128 × 10−2 | kg·s−1 |
Flow of water (m2) | 1.5968 × 10−1 | kg·s−1 |
Parameter | Value | Unit |
---|---|---|
Inlet temperature of flue gas (t11) | 1040 | °C |
Outlet temperature flue gas (t12 ) | 150 | °C |
Inlet temperature of water (t21) | 50 | °C |
Outlet temperature of water (t22) | 80 | °C |
Flow of flue gas (m1) | 2.0128 × 10−2 | kg·s−1 |
Flow of water (m2) | 1.5968 × 10−1 | kg·s−1 |
Demanded heat power (Q) | 20 | kW |
Depth of heat exchanger (a) | 4 × 10−1 | m |
Width of heat exchanger (b) | 4 × 10−1 | m |
Number of pipes in rows (n1) | 6 | - |
Number of pipes in columns (n2) | 6 | - |
Inner diameter (d1) | 3.2 × 10−2 | m |
Outer diameter (d2 ) | 4. × 10−2 | m |
Calculated parameters | Value | Units |
Reynolds number of flue gas flow (Re1) | 492.24 | - |
Nusselt number of flue gas flow (Nu1) | 4.49 | - |
Flue gas side heat transfer coefficient (h1) | 8.13 | W·m−1·K−1 |
Reynolds number of water flow (Re2) | 14742 | - |
Nusselt number of water flow (Nu2) | 53.96 | - |
Water side heat transfer (h2) | 915.37 | W·m−1·K−1 |
Overall heat transfer coefficient (k) | 8.05 | W·m−1·K−1 |
Proposed length (Lpr) | 1.62 | m |
Chosen length (Lch) | 1.5 | m |
Real heat power of heat exchanger (Qr) | 18.703 | kW |
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Pafcuga, M.; Holubcik, M.; Durcansky, P.; Kapjor, A.; Malcho, M. Small Heat Source Used for Combustion of Wheat-Straw Pellets. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 5239. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11115239
Pafcuga M, Holubcik M, Durcansky P, Kapjor A, Malcho M. Small Heat Source Used for Combustion of Wheat-Straw Pellets. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11(11):5239. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11115239
Chicago/Turabian StylePafcuga, Marian, Michal Holubcik, Peter Durcansky, Andrej Kapjor, and Milan Malcho. 2021. "Small Heat Source Used for Combustion of Wheat-Straw Pellets" Applied Sciences 11, no. 11: 5239. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11115239