Resumen
Imaging biomarkers that permit non-invasive, real-time monitoring of the tumor microenvironment could serve a critical role to facilitate treatment personalization, particularly in the context of new immunotherapies. The aim of this prospective pilot study was to investigate the value of breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features as early markers of treatment-induced immune response after a single dose of trastuzumab in early HER2+ breast cancer. Our findings showed measures of change in peak percent enhancement on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and pre-treatment apparent diffusion coefficient on diffusion-weighted MRI to correlate with immune response as defined by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and immune-active gene signature scores. MRI measures hold potential to serve as biomarkers of tumor microenvironment alterations to guide treatment decisions in early breast cancer.