Resumen
Precision immuno-oncology, the development of personalized treatments using the unique nature of an individual?s DNA, immune cells, and their tumor?s molecular profile, offers great promise. However, it has been well documented that biological sex considerably influences innate and adaptive immune responses, thereby conferring differences in the efficacy of lung cancer therapy between men and women. Despite this, women remain underrepresented in oncology clinical trials; this exclusion has resulted in our harboring of a limited understanding of the impact of immunotherapy on females and their survivorship, in addition to imprecise clinical recommendations. This review provides an overview of the sex-specific differences in immunity and immunotherapy efficacy, discusses contributing factors for the lack of women in clinical trials, and suggests future directions for precision oncology research, to ultimately aid in the development of treatment guidelines and recommendations that wholly consider the unique impact of immunotherapy on females and the intersectionality among them.