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ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Threshold temperature and thermal constant for the development of Copitarsia decolora (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

F. Urra    
J. Apablaza    

Resumen

Copitarsia decolora is an important insect pest onnumerous field crops and vegetables and subject to quarantine in the USA. In this study the threshold temperature and the thermal constant for the development of this species was calculated. Data was obtained by rearing the insect under three temperature regimes. Starting with second-instar larvae, the insects were reared on artichoke bracts. Dates of appearance were registered for eggs, larvae, pupae and adults. The threshold temperature and the thermal constant were calculated by the methods of mean temperature and linear regression analysis. The development from egg to adult decreased from 71.6, to 43.0 and to 38.0 days when the temperatures were 18.0 C, 22.4 C and 23.9 C, respectively. The development of larvae was slightly longer than that of pupa, and this much longer than that of egg, underall three temperatures. The threshold temperature, calculated by the method of mean temperature, was 11.4 C from egg to adult and by the regression analysis 11.6 ºC, averaging 11.5 ºC.The thermal constant, calculated by the method of mean temperature, was 473.7 ºD from egg to adultand by regression analysis 476.2 ºD, averaging 475.0 ºD. These numbers should be useful to predict critical periods of attack, thus contributing to its rational management. Copitarsia decolora es una plaga importante en varios cultivos hortícolas y cuarentenaria para Estados Unidos. En este estudio se calculó la temperatura base y la constante térmica de desarrollo de esta especie, para lo cual se determinó el desarrollo del insecto en tres regímenes térmicos en condiciones controladas. A partir del segundo subestado, las larvas fueron criadas en brácteas de alcachofa, registrándose la fecha de aparición de pupas, emergencia de adultos, ovipostura y eclosión de huevos. La temperatura base y la constante térmica se calcularon mediante el método de la temperatura media y un análisis de regresión lineal. El desarrollo de huevo a adulto disminuyó de 71,6, a 43,0 y a 38,0 días cuando las temperaturas fueron 18,0 °C, 22,4 °C y 23,9 °C, respectivamente. El desarrollo larvario fue ligeramente mayor al de la pupa, y el de ésta mucho mayor que el del huevo, en las tres temperaturas. La temperatura base para el desarrollo, calculada mediante el método de la temperatura media, fue 11,4 °C de huevo a adulto y mediante el análisis de regresión fue 11,6 ºC, valores que promedian 11,5 ºC. La constante térmica, calculada con el método de la temperatura media, fue 473,7 ºD de huevo a adulto y mediante el análisis de regresión fue 476,2 ºD, valores que promedian 475,0 ºD. Estas cifras servirán para pronosticar los períodos críticos de ataque de esta plaga, contribuyendo así al manejo racional de la misma.

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