Exploiting Lunar Navigation Constellation for GNC Enhancement in Landing Missions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Simulation Environment
2.1. Ground-Truth Dynamics
2.2. User Navigation Equipment
2.2.1. Radiofrequency-Based Measurements
2.2.2. Accelerometer
2.2.3. Altimeter
3. GNC Algorithms
3.1. Navigation
3.2. Guidance and Control
4. Results
4.1. LNS Constellation Architecture
4.2. Landing Mission Overview
4.3. Nominal Scenario Performance
4.4. Monte Carlo Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
DEM | Digital Elevation Model |
DOP | Dilution Of Precision |
DTE | Direct-to-Earth |
ELFO | Elliptic Lunar Frozen Orbits |
EKF | Extended Kalman Filter |
ENU | East–North–Up |
GNC | Guidance Navigation Control |
GNSS | Global Navigation Satellite System |
IMU | Inertial Measurement Unit |
INS | Inertial Navigation System |
LNS | Lunar Navigation Service |
LLO | Low Lunar Orbit |
LME2000 | Lunar Mean Equator at J2000 |
LPO | Lagrange Point Orbits |
LoS | Line of Sight |
ODTS | Orbit Determination and Time Synchronisation |
PID | Proportional Integral Derivative |
RF | Radio Frequency |
RWFM | Random Walk Frequency Modulation |
RMSE | Root Mean Squared Error |
SISE | Signal In Space Error |
SHE | Spherical Harmonic Expansion |
SRP | Solar Radiation Pressure |
WFM | White Frequency Modulation |
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CTRL | (m) | (m) | (m) | (m) | (m) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | 1.4 | 55.6 | 48.6 | 27.0 | 0.2 |
B | 1.3 | 380.4 | 331.1 | 186.7 | 12.2 |
(kg) | |||||
A | 13.3 | 250 | 70 | 1000 | |
B | 6.6 | 70 | 7 | 693.7 |
Parameter | Value |
---|---|
LCNS SISE () | Position (x, y, z): 15 m |
Velocity (x, y, z): 0.15 m/s | |
Clock bias : 10 m | |
Clock drift : 0.1 m/s | |
User clock Allan variance | : 2 × 10−25 |
: 6 × 10−25 | |
Altimeter noise () | 1% of |
IMU noise () | 1 g |
Initial filter uncertainty () | Position (x, y, z): 1 km |
Velocity (x, y, z): 10 m/s | |
Clock bias : 100 m | |
Clock drift : 1 m/s | |
Filter rate | 10 Hz |
Landing start time | Uniform distribution in (3000 s, 5000 s) |
Initial state perturbation () | Position (x, y, z): 100 m |
Velocity (x, y, z): 0.1 m/s |
CTRL | Success Rate | (m) | (m) | (m) | (m) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | 51.2% | 1.8 | 2.8 | 56.5 | 20.1 |
B | 86.0% | 1.7 | 2.8 | 388.9 | 22.8 |
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Zanotti, G.; Ceresoli, M.; Lavagna, M. Exploiting Lunar Navigation Constellation for GNC Enhancement in Landing Missions. Aerospace 2023, 10, 850. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10100850
Zanotti G, Ceresoli M, Lavagna M. Exploiting Lunar Navigation Constellation for GNC Enhancement in Landing Missions. Aerospace. 2023; 10(10):850. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10100850
Chicago/Turabian StyleZanotti, Giovanni, Michele Ceresoli, and Michèle Lavagna. 2023. "Exploiting Lunar Navigation Constellation for GNC Enhancement in Landing Missions" Aerospace 10, no. 10: 850. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10100850