Resumen
Nanomaterials are one of the most promising discoveries of this millennium. Thanks to the widest range of applications, this field has spread to all scientific disciplines. As well, interest has significantly increased in the medical sector. Although there are many different families of nanoparticles, carbon-based nanoparticles have only recently come to light. An infinite number of nanoparticles of various shapes and sizes can be produced by taking advantage of the chemical bonding properties of carbon, which also allows for the modification of their chemical, thermal, and physical properties. This review examines the biomolecular aspects of the theoretical and practical challenges involved in creating nanoparticles with biological activity, identifying the benefits and drawbacks of each approach, and summarizing the most recent research on carbon-based nanoparticles conceptualized and developed to date. Although it is a very promising area of study, more pharmacokinetic and toxicological research is still required.