Resumen
Metastasis refers to the progressive dissemination of primary tumor cells and their colonization of other tissues, and is a major cause of treatment failure in cancer patients. Most cancers metastasize to specific organs with a non-random distribution pattern through a process known as ?organ-specific metastasis?. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), mediating intercellular communication, can deliver ncRNAs to regulate cancer phenotypes at distant organs or sites in multiple cancers, thereby contributing to organ-specific metastasis. This review summarizes the underlying mechanisms and functions of EV-ncRNA-mediated metastatic organotropism in bone, liver, lung, brain, and lymphatic metastasis, and highlights the clinical applications of EV-ncRNAs serving as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The aim of this review is to provide a perspective on the novel therapeutic strategies of organ-specific metastasis and hope for improving the survival outcome of cancer patients.