Resumen
Cancer is implicated in multiple pathways that increase thrombogenicity, and lung cancer patients have a 20% higher risk of venous thromboembolism in comparison to the general population. Venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) in cancer patients, which includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), can lead to the delay of cancer treatment and, thus, result in increased mortality, morbidity, and burden on healthcare resources. Factors contributing to thrombotic burden are related to cancer, patients, treatment, and laboratory findings. Thromboprophylaxis during active lung cancer treatment with adequate anticoagulation might improve outcomes. Thromboprophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is the standard of care, but due to the vast heterogeneity of lung cancer patients, there is no consensus on the optimal dose and duration of the treatment.