ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Food security and livestock: The case of Latin America and the Caribbean

Diego Ignacio Rodríguez Ignacio Rodríguez    
Gustavo Anríquez    
José Luis Riveros    

Resumen

The main hurdle to achieving food security in Latin America and the Caribbean is the inability of many poor families to access the foods necessary for a healthy diet, in a context in which food prices and family incomes are fundamental determinants. Animal husbandry plays a key role in the food security of the region, providing products rich in high-quality proteins and micronutrients and is vital for millions of households that depend on livestock for their livelihoods to generate income and have access to basic services. Furthermore, the production and trade of livestock products contributes to the stabilization of the food supply, acting as a buffer during economic crises and disasters both at the individual and community levels. Small farm agriculture is especially important in this scenario, given that most of the production of foods of animal origin depends on this sector and that the majority of the 47 million people who suffer from hunger in our continent live in rural areas. In this complex scenario, a good understanding of the interrelations between food security and the livestock sector, both at the national and household level, is fundamental for the design and implementation of policies that strengthen family livestock production as an essential pillar in regional food security. La principal limitante para lograr la seguridad alimentaria en América Latina y el Caribe radica en la imposibilidad de muchas familias pobres de acceder a los alimentos necesarios para sostener una alimentación saludable, donde los precios de los mismos y los ingresos de los hogares son factores fundamentales de este proceso. La ganadería juega un rol clave en la seguridad alimentaria de la región, aportando en la disponibilidad de alimentos ricos en proteína de alto valor y micronutrientes, siendo clave para las millones de familias que dependen del ganado como medio de subsistencia para generar ingresos y acceder a servicios básicos. Adicionalmente, la producción y comercialización de productos ganaderos favorecería la estabilización del suministro de alimentos, al actuar como un amortiguador de las crisis económicas y los desastres naturales tanto a nivel individual como comunitario. La agricultura familiar es especialmente importante en este escenario, dado que gran parte de la producción de alimentos de origen animal depende de este sector y dado que la mayoría de los 47 millones de personas que sufren de hambre en nuestro continente viven en la ruralidad. En este complejo escenario, la interrelación entre seguridad alimentaria, ganadería y agricultura familiar resulta fundamental para diseñar e implementar políticas y medidas que fortalezcan la producción pecuaria familiar como pilar esencial en la seguridad alimentaria regional.

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