ARTÍCULO
TITULO

Energy potential of vine shoots in La Rioja (Spain) and their dependence on several viticultural factors

Manuel Antonio Mendívil    
Pedro Muñoz    
María Pilar Morales    
Manuel C. Juárez Castelló    

Resumen

Each year, viticulture generates thousands of tons of vine shoots in the Spanish La Rioja region without an adequate system for their use. This study attempts to increase the value of this residual biomass, mainly for energy generation. To this end, a representative sampling of vine varieties and vineyards in the region was taken and later thermochemically characterized, measuring moisture, ash content percentage, elemental composition and higher heating value (HHV) among all sampled lots. From these tests, only the variety factor of the vine exhibited any statistically significant influence. A correlation has been formulated to express the higher heating value of vine shoots in terms of their elemental composition, obtaining an estimate with a mean absolute error of 1% and a near zero mean bias error. Finally, because the annual amount of vine shoots generated in the La Rioja region is known, the energetic potential of this biomass has been estimated at 1,400,000 GJ per year, and a map is presented to show the energy density of this waste material from each municipality.Cada año se generan miles de toneladas de sarmientos en la región española de La Rioja, sin que se hayan desarrollado aún sistemas adecuados para un razonable aprovechamiento de los mismos. El presente estudio intenta revalorizar esta biomasa residual, principalmente desde el punto de vista energético. Para ello, se ha realizado un muestreo representativo de las variedades y viñedos de la región y una posterior caracterización termoquímica, obteniéndose la humedad, el porcentaje de cenizas, la composición elemental y el poder calorífico para todos los lotes muestreados. Así se ha podido determinar que sólo el factor variedad tiene alguna influencia estadísticamente significativa. Se ha formulado una correlación que expresa el poder calorífico superior del sarmiento de vid en función de su composición elemental, consiguiendo una estimación con un error absoluto medio del 1% y un error de sesgo medio nulo. Por último, conocida también la generación de sarmientos en el territorio de La Rioja, se ha estimado su potencial energético en 1.400.000 GJ térmicos anuales y se ha confeccionado el mapa de la densidad energética de este residuo por municipios.

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