Resumen
The trawl system plays an irreplaceable role in deep-sea fishing. In the towing process of the trawl system, many complex mechanical phenomena occurs, so it is necessary to analyze the dynamic response of the deep-sea trawl system during the towing process. In this paper, an equivalent mathematical model for predicating the movement of the ocean trawl system is established based on the equivalent net theory. In the proposed method, the lumped mass method is used to simulate the towed cable and some lines with hydrodynamic characteristics are used to simulate the fishing net. The effects of towing speeds on the dynamic characteristics of a rigid truss trawl system and a flexible trawl system during straight-line towing and rotation towing are studied. The results show that it is possible to simulate trawl motion, and the trawling process is well-presented using this equivalent mathematical model. The disadvantage of this method is also obvious, that is, it cannot simulate trawls with a large number of meshes because the proliferation of mesh numbers can lead to difficult computational convergence. The results also demonstrate that during straight-line towing, the higher the speed, the greater the tension of the cable. Due to the rigid truss, the shape of the rigid truss trawl under different towing speeds is not much different, while the shape of the flexible trawl system changes greatly. During rotating towing, the tension of the cable changes abruptly in the initial stage, and then fluctuates periodically in the time domain. With the increase of towing speed, the overall outward floating distance of the trawl increases gradually. This study has a certain reference and guiding role for deep-sea fishing operations.